health
-
Clinical features •Head (scalp), neck, limbs but can occur anywhere •Slowly grown sharply circumscribed flesh colored/erythematous or blue nodule or cystic nodule 0.5-3 cm diameter •Generally symptomatic but can be pruritic or tender •Mostly 3rd– 5th decades (3-93 years) •Slight predominance in females Histological features •Solid or cystic sharply defined nodule in dermis sometimes extending into subcutaneous fat •Eccrine (predominantly poroid & cuticular cells) & apocrine variants (association with a follicle, decapitation secretion & GCDFP-15+ve) •May overlap with poroma…
-
Clinical features •May present as an intraepidermal lesion (hidroacanthoma simplex, a dermal tumor (dermal duct tumor) or as both with epidermal continuity (poroma); some tumors overlap hidradenoma & poroma (poroid hidradenoma overlap) •Solitary skin colored, erythematous or pigmented, generally asymptomatic nodule with a predilection for the foot but it may occur just about anywhere •M=F…
-
Trichilemmoma is a tumor showing differentiation towards the follicular external root sheath. It may be solitary, multiple or constitute a features of autosomal dominant, Cowden (multiple hamartoma) syndrome when very numerous lesions are present. The last is associated with germline mutations in the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in the majority of patients. Solitary lesions do…
-
Clinical features •In the older literature also known as juvenile melanoma, spindle & epithelioid cell nevus •First described by Sophie Spitz in 1948 •Approximately 1% of nevi in children •Most often presents in children & adolescents but may be seen the middle aged •Although cases have been documented in the elderly, I would advise extreme…
-
•Extremely rare often amelanotic, high-grade variant (based on the majority of documented cases representing metastases. The biological potential of primary tumors with rhabdoid features is uncertain owing to the paucity of reported cases) •Metastases & recurrent disease>>primary tumors •Characterized by pleomorphic tumor cells with large eosinophilic, hyaline globular inclusions and eccentric vesicular nuclei containing prominent nucleoli, mitoses often conspicuous •Inclusions predominantly composed of vimentin intermediate filaments •Immunophenotype is variable with possible loss of expression…
-
Definition A destinctive melanocytic tumor which may arise sporadically or less often represent a germline mutation in the tumor-suppressor gene BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1). The latter is associated with an increased risk of devloping mesothelioma, uveal melanoma, cutaneous melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, meningioma & renal cell carcinoma Alternative nomenclature •BAP1-inactivated melanocytic tumors (BINT)…
-
Dysplastic nevi can be sporadic (much more common) or multiple. In patients with dysplastic nevus syndrome (Familial Atypical Multiple Mole Melanoma syndrome) dysplastic nevi may number in hundreds. Patients with this syndrome are at a great risk of developing melanoma (de novo much more often than complicating a dysplastic nevus) Clinical features •Sporadic>>familial •10% of…
-
Two subtypes Clinical features •Usually slowly growing tumors •Predilection for the scalp •M>F •No age predilection & exceptionally, lesions can develop in children •High grade tumor probably related to delay in diagnosis & hence marked tumor thickness •Metastases develop in around 50% of cases to lymph nodes, lung & liver Histological features •Develops within a precursor lesion as one or more nodules of epithelioid or spindled cell melanoma •Or melanoma showing admixed blue nevus-like…
-
Clinical features •Very rare variant of melanoma •M=F •Middle aged to elderly (mean age 57 years) •Back> lower & upper extremities> head & neck> choroid •Often ulcerated nodules •Balloon cells may be present in a metastasis & not in the primary tumor (and vice versa) •Poor prognosis is likely related to large tumor size at presentation Histological…
McKee Derm 