pathology
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Clinical features •Tender or painful, sharply delineated typically blue 1-3 cm dermal nodule nodule •Ventral skin, most on the upper half of the integument (head, neck & trunk) •Rarely multiple lesions 2nd-4th decade •Giant variant •Linear, Blaschkoid, variants •Autosomal dominant familial variant •May occur as part of the Brooke-Spiegler syndrome Histological features •Nodule/multiple blue encapsulated nodules in the…
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Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma & mucinous carcinoma are intrinsically linked. Indeed it is very likely that the former represents a pecurser to the latter. Very frequently an example shows histological features of both lesions (50% of cases). Clinical features •Mucinous carcinoma is rare & mostly affecting the middle-aged & elderly (mean 62 years (8-89)) •Presents as a solid or cystic, flesh…
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Clinical features •Head (scalp), neck, limbs but can occur anywhere •Slowly grown sharply circumscribed flesh colored/erythematous or blue nodule or cystic nodule 0.5-3 cm diameter •Generally symptomatic but can be pruritic or tender •Mostly 3rd– 5th decades (3-93 years) •Slight predominance in females Histological features •Solid or cystic sharply defined nodule in dermis sometimes extending into subcutaneous fat •Eccrine (predominantly poroid & cuticular cells) & apocrine variants (association with a follicle, decapitation secretion & GCDFP-15+ve) •May overlap with poroma…
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Clinical features •May present as an intraepidermal lesion (hidroacanthoma simplex, a dermal tumor (dermal duct tumor) or as both with epidermal continuity (poroma); some tumors overlap hidradenoma & poroma (poroid hidradenoma overlap) •Solitary skin colored, erythematous or pigmented, generally asymptomatic nodule with a predilection for the foot but it may occur just about anywhere •M=F…
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Trichilemmoma is a tumor showing differentiation towards the follicular external root sheath. It may be solitary, multiple or constitute a features of autosomal dominant, Cowden (multiple hamartoma) syndrome when very numerous lesions are present. The last is associated with germline mutations in the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in the majority of patients. Solitary lesions do…
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A relatively common benign sweat gland tumor characterised by an admixture of epithelial & mesenchymal elements. Typically thought of an apocrine gland tumor. Some authors recognise an eccrine variant. In my experience, such tumors are exceptionally rare. Many tumors show an admixture of both elements. Mixed tumor of the skin is mostly associated with rearrangment…
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Clinical features •Very rare •Solitary– elderly F>M, 1-2 mm skin-colored papule with a predilection for the face & scalp but may occur elsewhere •Localized– pink or brown plaque with a predilection for scalp, +/- milia & alopecia •Linear nevoid– congenital/acquired, dermatomal, can be very extensive +/- alopecia, BCC, epidermoid cysts & comedones •Segmental– associated with osseous & dental malformations &…
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The entities trichoblastic fibroma, trichogenic trichoblastoma, giant solitary trichoepithelioma, subcutaneous trichoepithelioma, immature trichoepithelioma are all included under the rubric trichoblastoma. Trichoblastoma shared many histological similarites with trichoepithelioma but differs by its much larger size, extension into the deep dermis/subcutaneous fat or deeper and large circumscribed nodules Papillary mesenchymal bodies are often absent or more difficult…
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Considered by some authors to represent a variant of trichoblastoma (adamantoid trichoblastoma, lymphoepithelial tumor (not to be confused with lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma) Clinical features •Solitary skin colored or erythematous papule, nodule or plaque up to 1.0 cm diameter •Overlying telangiectasia may result in confusion with BCC •Exceptionally multiple •Predilection for the face (cheek, eyebrow, forehead) •Exceptionally, neck, shoulder & leg…
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Trichoepithelioma is a hamartoma comprising a basaloid/germinative component and a prominent perifolliclular sheath proliferation. It may present as a solitary lesion or as multiple, familial lesions in multiple familial trichoepithelioma (which is probably a variant of Brook-Spiegler syndrome) & Brook-Spiegler syndrome. Clinical features •Solitary trichoepithelioma presents as a flesh-colored papule or nodule (<1.0 cm) most…
McKee Derm 