squamous-cell-carcinoma
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Clinical features •2nd commonest malignant skin tumor after BCC (1:4) •Etiology includes UVB, HPV, ionizing radiation, scarring e.g., burns, syndromic e.g., xeroderma pigmentosum, albinism, Rothmund-Thompson syndrome & epidermolysis bullosa, immunosuppression, PUVA, chronic infections e.g., tuberculosis, arsenic & coal tar derivatives •Type I and II skin •M=F •Generally middle aged or elderly but may arise in at risk children •Sun-exposed skin most often affected- face, neck,…
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Clinical features •Exceedingly rare variant •Elderly patients •M>>F •Sun-damaged skin of head & neck •Often rapidly growing, ulcerated, often large exophytic, nodular tumor . 5-year survival-70% Histological features •Tp53, CDKN2A & PIK3CA mutations variable detected •Biphasic tumor •Possible epithelial to mesenchymal transition •Overexpression of YAP may be at least in part responsible for this phenotype •Admixture of squamous carcinoma & pleomorphic spindled cell, osteoid, chondroid, MFH-like +/-…
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Verrucuous carcinoma may arise in the skin, the oral cavity and the genitalia. In this blog only cutaneous tumors are described. Oral & genital tumors will be discussed in separate blogs. Clinical features •Predilection for middle-aged males but either sex may be affected at any age including exceptionally in children •Sole of the foot, wrists, fingers…
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Variants of keratoacanthoma •Solitary •Multiple •Giant (>3.0 cm diameter) •Agglomerate keratoacanthoma (aggregation of multiple lesions) •Keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum- large expansile lesion many cm in diameter •Subungual keratoacanthoma . Oral keratoacanthoma •Association with Muir-Torre syndrome •Arising in a nevus sebaceus •Fergusson-Smith syndrome; familial, autosomal dominant associated with a male predominance and development of innumerable lesions •Grzybowski syndrome characterized by development of very large numbers of…
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Clinical features •This variant shows a predilection for the head & neck of the elderly; less often on the limbs, genitalia & elsewhere •Sometimes arises in an acantholytic actinic keratosis •Presents as a frequently ulcerated nodule or plaque •Intraoral variant •Although previously thought to represent an aggressive variant of SCC with high recurrence and metastasis rate, this is has largely been disproven Histological…
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Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) develops as a consequence of mutations in COL7A1. This results in defective or absent anchoring fibrils. As a consequence the skin is susceptible to shearing blisters with even minor trauma. Repeated blistering and ulceration complicated by severe scarring results. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is most often encountered on the extremities. Current…
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Clinical features •Rare, aggressive variant of SCC •Should be distinguished from mucoepidermoid carcinoma •Head (particularly the face & scalp) & neck are most affected but acral lesions are documented in addition to tumors on the penis •Elderly patients •Presents as an indurated, erythematous raised plaque •Tumors often very thick at presentation •Recurrences are common & the tumor has significant metastatic…
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Clinical features •Although often classified as periocular or extraocular, this has little merit since there is no difference between the two groups in terms of overall survival •Periocular tumors mostly arise from the meibomian glands and present as a mass in the upper eyelid •Extraocular tumors most often present on the head and neck although they may arise in a very wide variety of sites. …
McKee Derm 