cancer
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Verrucuous carcinoma may arise in the skin, the oral cavity and the genitalia. In this blog only cutaneous tumors are described. Oral & genital tumors will be discussed in separate blogs. Clinical features •Predilection for middle-aged males but either sex may be affected at any age including exceptionally in children •Sole of the foot, wrists, fingers…
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Variants of keratoacanthoma •Solitary •Multiple •Giant (>3.0 cm diameter) •Agglomerate keratoacanthoma (aggregation of multiple lesions) •Keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum- large expansile lesion many cm in diameter •Subungual keratoacanthoma . Oral keratoacanthoma •Association with Muir-Torre syndrome •Arising in a nevus sebaceus •Fergusson-Smith syndrome; familial, autosomal dominant associated with a male predominance and development of innumerable lesions •Grzybowski syndrome characterized by development of very large numbers of…
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Clinical features •This variant shows a predilection for the head & neck of the elderly; less often on the limbs, genitalia & elsewhere •Sometimes arises in an acantholytic actinic keratosis •Presents as a frequently ulcerated nodule or plaque •Intraoral variant •Although previously thought to represent an aggressive variant of SCC with high recurrence and metastasis rate, this is has largely been disproven Histological…
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Currently classified as a variant of mycosis fungoides overlapping with granulomatous mycosis fungoides. It has been postulated by some that the entity is a reflection of the site of involvement (axiallae & groins) rather than indicating a separate disease. Due to its rarity, further larger series are needed to substantiate this hypophysis. Clinical features •Exceedingly…
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Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) develops as a consequence of mutations in COL7A1. This results in defective or absent anchoring fibrils. As a consequence the skin is susceptible to shearing blisters with even minor trauma. Repeated blistering and ulceration complicated by severe scarring results. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is most often encountered on the extremities. Current…
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Clinical features •Rare, aggressive variant of SCC •Should be distinguished from mucoepidermoid carcinoma •Head (particularly the face & scalp) & neck are most affected but acral lesions are documented in addition to tumors on the penis •Elderly patients •Presents as an indurated, erythematous raised plaque •Tumors often very thick at presentation •Recurrences are common & the tumor has significant metastatic…
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Clinical features •Rare & may present in the dermis, subcutaneous fat or soft tissue •Cutaneous lesions present mostly in adolescents & young adults with a predilection for males •Firm to hard nodule 0.5-2.5 cm •Age range newborn-93 years •Soft tissue tumors are often much larger & present most often limbs & limb girdles with an equal sex incidence •Malignant myoepithelioma in the soft tissues is exceedingly rare and has a…
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Clinical features •Trichoblastic carcinoma, sarcoma & carcinosarcoma •Exceedingly rare, most cases have arisen on the face & scalp of the elderly but may present at a wide variety of sites •Exceptional complicating nevus sebaceus •Average age 65 •M>F •Exceptionally familial/syndromic e.g. Brooke-Spiegler syndrome •Some authors divide tumors into subtypes- low-grade presenting predominantly on the face (with risk of recurrence but no metastatic potential) & high-grade presenting at a wide…
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Rare sweat gland carcinoma which may be confused with a papillary metastasis and should be differentiated from papillary eccrine adenoma. Recently has been shown to be associated with HPV42 in the majority of cases Leiendecker et al 2023). A small subset is associated with mutations in BRAF V600E. Clinical features •Very rare, often aggressive •Volar fingers,…
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Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma & mucinous carcinoma are intrinsically linked. Indeed it is very likely that the former represents a pecurser to the latter. Very frequently an example shows histological features of both lesions (50% of cases). Clinical features •Mucinous carcinoma is rare & mostly affecting the middle-aged & elderly (mean 62 years (8-89)) •Presents as a solid or cystic, flesh…
McKee Derm 